What is the myelin sheath?

The myelin sheath is a protective sheath around nerve tissues. It is composed mainly of lipids and proteins and plays a critical role in the nervous system by insulating nerve fibers. This insulation allows for faster transmission of electrical impulses along the nerve cells, which is essential for proper communication between different parts of the body. The presence of the myelin sheath enables the efficient propagation of action potentials, enhancing the speed and coordination of nerve signal transmission.

The myelin sheath is specifically associated with neurons and is not related to the protection of the skin, connective tissues, or muscle fibers, which distinguishes its function distinctly within the anatomy of the nervous system.