What is the primary function of the stratum germinativum layer?

The primary function of the stratum germinativum layer is to produce new skin cells. This layer, also known as the basal layer, is located at the deepest part of the epidermis and is crucial for skin regeneration. It contains melanocytes, which produce melanin for skin pigmentation, and keratinocytes, which are the predominant cells that divide to create new skin cells. As these keratinocytes move upward through the layers of the epidermis, they undergo a process of keratinization, continuously renewing the skin and providing a fresh surface. This regenerative process is essential for maintaining healthy skin, replacing cells that have died or been shed from the surface, and supporting overall skin health and function.