What is the primary function of melanin?

The primary function of melanin is protection against UV radiation. Melanin is a pigment produced by melanocytes in the skin, and it plays a crucial role in determining skin color. Its protective properties come into play when the skin is exposed to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun.

When UV radiation penetrates the skin, it can cause DNA damage and increase the risk of skin cancer. Melanin absorbs and dissipates UV radiation, effectively acting as a natural sunscreen and shielding the deeper layers of the skin from harmful effects. This is why individuals with higher levels of melanin in their skin often have a lower incidence of sunburn and UV-related skin issues compared to those with less melanin.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the primary role of melanin. Although providing moisture to the skin, supporting hair growth, and transporting nutrients are vital functions for maintaining skin health, they are not related to the primary function of melanin.