Which component of the cell is responsible for protein storage?

The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins that are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. While it plays a critical role in the storage and transport of proteins within the cell, it is important to understand that the actual storage of proteins primarily occurs in structures known as vesicles, which are also managed by the Golgi apparatus.

The endoplasmic reticulum produces proteins and is closely involved in their initial stages of synthesis and folding. Ribosomes, which can be found either free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, are specifically responsible for protein synthesis by translating messenger RNA into polypeptide chains. The nucleus contains genetic material and regulates gene expression, but it does not store proteins directly.

Thus, the Golgi apparatus is linked to the overall handling of proteins and is instrumental in ensuring that proteins are properly processed and ready for their cellular functions, which includes elements of storage as part of its role in post-translation modification and distribution.